02543nas a2200337   4500008004100000020001400041245011100055210006900166260000800235300001200243490000600255520156300261653001301824653001901837653002501856653002401881653002501905653001201930653001901942653002901961653002501990653002102015653002602036653002402062653002002086653000902106100001902115700001702134700002002151856003402171       2008                        eng d  a1568-988300aThe potential role of anthropogenically derived nitrogen in the growth of harmful algae in California, USA0 apotential role of anthropogenically derived nitrogen in the grow  cDec  a103-1100 v83 aCultural eutrophication is frequently invoked as one factor in the global increase in harmful algal blooms, but is difficult to definitively. prove due to the myriad of factors influencing coastal phytoplankton bloom development. To assess whether eutrophication could be a factor in the development of harmful algal blooms in California (USA), we review the ecophysiological potential for urea uptake by Pseudo-nitzschia australis (Bacillariophyceae), Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae), and Lingulodinium polyedrum (Dinophyceae), all of which have been found at bloom concentrations and/or exhibited noxious effects in recent years in California coastal waters. We include new measurements from a large (Chlorophyll a > 500 mg m(-3)) red tide event dominated by Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) in Monterey Bay, CA during September 2006. All of these phytoplankton are capable of using nitrate, ammonium, and urea, although their preference for these nitrogenous substrates varies. Using published data and recent coastal time series measurements conducted in Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay, CA, we show that urea, presumably from coastal eutrophication, was present in California waters at measurable concentrations during past harmful algal bloom events. Based on these observations, we suggest that urea uptake could potentially sustain these harmful algae, and that urea, which is seldom measured as part of coastal monitoring programs, may be associated with these harmful algal events in California. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.10aammonium10aEutrophication10aheterosigma-akashiwo10alaboratory cultures10amarine-phytoplankton10anitrate10anitrate uptake10anitrogen uptake kinetics10aphytoplankton blooms10aPseudo-nitzschia10asanta-barbara channel10asouthern-california10auptake kinetics10aurea1 aKudela, R., M.1 aLane, J., Q.1 aCochlan, W., P.  u<Go to ISI>://00026176240001302919nas a2200349   4500008004100000020001400041245013100055210006900186300001000255490000800265520181800273653002202091653003702113653001602150653002702166653002902193653001902222653002402241653002502265653002402290653002902314653002102343653002102364653002602385653001402411653002602425653002702451100001702478700002102495700001902516856003402535       2009                        eng d  a0171-863000aDevelopment of a logistic regression model for the prediction of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in Monterey Bay, California0 aDevelopment of a logistic regression model for the prediction of  a37-510 v3833 aBlooms of the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia have been recognized as a public health issue in California since 1991 when domoic acid, the neurotoxin produced by toxigenic species of Pseudo-nitzschia, was first detected in local shellfish. Although these blooms are recurring and recognized hazards, the factors driving bloom proliferation remain poorly understood. The lack of long-term field studies and/or deficiencies in the scope of environmental data included within them hinders the development of robust forecasting tools. For this study, we successfully developed predictive logistic models of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in Monterey Bay, California, from a multi-project dataset representing 8.3 yr of sampling effort. Models were developed for year-round (annual model) or seasonal use (spring and fall-winter models). The consideration of seasonality was significant: chlorophyll a (chl a) and silicic acid were predictors in all models, but period-specific inclusions of temperature, upwelling index, river discharge, and/or nitrate provided significant model refinement. Predictive power for ’unknown’ (future) bloom cases was demonstrated at >= 75% for all models, out-performing a chl a anomaly model, and performing comparably to, or better than, previously described statistical models for Pseudo-nitzschia blooms or toxicity. The models presented here are the first to have been developed from long-term (>1.5 yr) monitoring efforts, and the first to have been developed for bloom prediction of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia species. The descriptive capacity of our models places historical and recent observations into greater ecological context, which could help to resolve historical alternation between the implication of freshwater discharge and upwelling processes in bloom dynamics.10aBacillariophyceae10adiatom pseudonitzschia-australis10adomoic acid10adomoic acid production10aenvironmental-conditions10agulf-of-mexico10aharmful algal bloom10aharmful algal blooms10alogistic regression10aphytoplankton monitoring10apredictive model10aPseudo-nitzschia10asanta-barbara channel10asea lions10aseasonal fluctuations10azalophus-californianus1 aLane, J., Q.1 aRaimondi, P., T.1 aKudela, R., M.  u<Go to ISI>://000266756800004